Annual Safety Overview - 2025

This overview is one of the visible results of the Agency’s activities in monitoring the progress of safety and interoperability. It is also part of the Agency’s effort to provide to its stakeholders a regular overview of the development of railway interoperability and safety in the Single European Railway Area (SERA). This overview focuses on the progress in safety, while a second overview for covering the progress in interoperability will be published at the latest by the end of September 2025. 

The basis for this overview is information provided by the National Safety Authorities. They have a legal obligation to report to the Agency a set of defined data that can be used to assess the development of railway safety in the SERA. Notably, the National Safety Authorities gather Common Safety Indicators (CSIs), defined in the Railway Safety Directive (EU) 2016/798, from the railway undertakings and infrastructure managers which provide a footprint for safety performance. This report is based on these data as submitted to the Agency by the National Safety Authorities (and available here).

The EU-27 countries, Norway and Switzerland are considered as members of the SERA for the purpose of this report. The data extraction date for this report was mid-February 2025 and the latest figures refer to 2023 (2024 only for the figures on major accidents).